N on sempre la nostra società mostra sentimenti di accettazione verso le persone con sindrome di Down (SD).Senza elencare un lungo elenco di discriminazioni più o meno palesi che queste persone devono spesso sopportare, c’è un dato abbastanza significativo: nella stragrande maggioranza dei casi di fronte a una diagnosi prenatale di SD, la gravidanza si conclude in un aborto.
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are no reviews, but the data that emerge from the few scientific studies conducted on the subject, as the recent article published on 26 October by the British Medical Journal (2009, 339: b3794 ) which indicates that across the Channel in twenty years are slightly lower (less than 1 percent) of births of children with Down syndrome, while increasing maternal age did it provide a significant increase (more than 48 per cent) : to be increased as were prenatal testing. And even in Europe, according to a survey in 2003, was shown a decline in those born between 1975 and 1999 statistically significant. In Italy the incidence of children with Down syndrome is about 1 in every 1000-1200 births - according to various estimates - that 500-600 children a year.
The survey conducted by Joan Morris, professor of medical statistics at the University of London, and Eva Alberman, professor emeritus, is significant in the crudeness of the numbers. Are taken into consideration live births with Down syndrome and prenatal diagnosis in England and Wales between 1989 and 2008, analyzing the data of the National Register of Cytogenetics of Down's syndrome. In a summary box indicating that it was already known that older mothers are at increased risk of concepire bambini con la sindrome di Down, e che gli screening prenatali per la sindrome di Down sono più disponibili oggi rispetto ai primi anni Novanta.
Quello che la ricerca aggiunge è che «il numero di diagnosi di sindrome di Down è cresciuto del 71 per cento (da 1075 nel 1989/90 a 1843 nel 2007/2008), mentre i nati vivi sono diminuiti dell'1 per cento (da 755 a 743), a causa degli screening prenatali e delle conseguenti interruzioni di gravidanza». Dal punto di vista demografico si osserva che «in assenza di screening prenatali e conseguenti aborti, il numero di nascite di persone with Down syndrome would have grown by 48 percent because of the choice of parents to the family later. "
Similar results have obtained a survey conducted in 2003 by Daniel Pierannunzi, Mastroiacovo Pierre, Piero and Gian Luca Di Giorgi Tanna, which examined data for 31 international registers of congenital malformations collected by the International Clearinghouse for Births Defects Monitoring Systems in the period between 1974 and 2000. The general results indicate that the total prevalence at birth is EUR 9.07 per 10 thousand births with a decline over the years statistically significant. In particular, children with Down syndrome increased from 16.10 per 10 thousand births in 1975 to 6.09 in 1999, a result "due to corresponding increase in abortions in turn due to the widespread use of prenatal diagnosis.
These results should give pause but that can not be surprised if you only remember the debate that preceded (and followed) the approval of the law on medically assisted procreation and the referendum campaign. The chorus of those arguing the need for pre-implantation diagnosis was for eliminate 'certain serious diseases, "which just Down syndrome (which is not a disease), cystic fibrosis, thalassemia. Needless to say, since the correct treatment for Down syndrome does not exist, the 'cure' results in elimination of the embryo, also because - it was argued (and argues), then the woman can always have an abortion. And even though the law 194 does not provide for the removal of the fetus because of genetic discrimination, this happens often. the point that the sensational case of abortion "wrong" in 2007 at San Paolo in Milan did not raise no wave of protest. It was decided to abort selectively twins with Down syndrome: an error in the intervention phase led to the death rather than sound. But the child with Down syndrome was eliminated with a second abortion. Have recently been acquitted doctors who had performed the wrong operation, not for violation of 194, but for the incompetence of the operation.
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